Due to large area disturbed and great deal of energy cost during skidding operations, introducing or applying the appropriate techniques of timber extracting could significantly reduce the impact of timber extraction operations to forest environment while pursuing the reasonable operation costs. Unep 2000 international source book on environmentally sound technologies for wastewater and stormwater management. Environmentally sound harvesting technologies in commercial. Environmentally sound wood harvesting in omo forest reserve. Programmes and projects of the forest harvesting, trade and marketing branch. Abstract acquisition collected for university of floridas institutional repository by the ufir selfsubmittal tool. The issmi, forest certification, partnerships, harvesting by pitsawyers of the bushenyi all pitsawyers and wood users associations bapwua, and adjacent community livelihoods are all being practised by the frmcp in the kcfr frmcp, 2004b, the area selected for this case study.
Learn more about rain water harvesting systems by following the links below, or search the web under rain water harvesting. Managing stormwater at home information on installing cisterns and cistern suppliers, rain gardens, and other ways to reduce, reuse, and clean runoff from your property. The advantage easily goes to the environmentally sound forest harvesting system when it comes to meeting other economic, social, and environmental objectives. Environmentally sound forest harvesting 4 necessary to create a good seedbed. Environmentally sound harvesting to sustain tropical forests jstor. Many factors are increasing the need for vegetation management using herbicides. These techniques included animal skidding and animalmachine, single circulating cable yarding system. Impact assessment of timber harvesting operations for. Forest engineering is the application of the scientific, mathematical and sound forestry principals in the implementation of machinery with the purpose of improving the efficiency of all operational processes. Harvesting procedures sought to minimize soil erosion, silting and turbidity in streams, destruction of trees in the residual stand, and disruption of natural habitats and processes. Code of practice for forest harvesting in asiapacific. It is argued that in the right situations, with appropriate safeguards, it is an environmentally sound practice that offers many advantages in terms of the production of wood fibre.
Despite the reduced density of forest roads in romania, harvesting costs vary between 14 and 16 m 3. This publication will help you identify the most efficient, environmentally sound, and costeffective solution for addressing your forest vegetation management needs. Environmentally sound harvesting technologies in commercial forests in the area of northern velebit functional terrain classification. Simple practices like amending soil with compost, mulching, and smart watering are the first steps to storing and conserving water. Environmentally sound timber extracting techniques for small tree harvesting lihai wang forest contractors, loggers and engineers have been paying a high attention to timber extraction operations since 1990s. Also, they are making the necessary arrangements to conduct the exam. Heavy winds, lightning and insects may also damage the widely. Forest district staff also provide for the protection, administration, and management of state forest lands within the district. This code of practice for timber harvesting does not cover the utilisation of nontimber forest products nor forest management for other purposes such as ecotourism or conservation concessions. Transfer of environmentally sound technologies for sustainable forest management framework and applications december 2005 department of economic and social affairs. Introduction 1 harvesting 3 roading 10 machine servicing.
The role of environmental effects in timber harvesting has great importance in decision making and planning logging. Code of practice for timber harvesting 2nd edition guyana forestry commission. Manual clearing reduces site damage and increases chances of. Logging guidelines, conservation reserves and rehabilitation studies. The minnesota forest resources council mfrc has completed development of its biomass harvesting guidelines for forestlands, brushlands and open lands. The prospects for rehabilitation are also considered. The fao programme on forest harvesting, engineering and. Guidelines for timber processing industries can be found in the ehs guidelines for sawmilling and manufactured wood. Economic and ecological effects of forest practices and. Increased use of forest fuel requires larger and larger procurement areas. Approaches for improving the transfer of environmentally sound technologies for the sustainable management of mangrove forests. Draft code of practice for timber harvesting 2nd edition. Forest harvesting in natural forest of the congo, 1997 environmentally sound forest harvesting, 1997. Forest harvesting operations april 30, 2007 1 world bank group environmental, health, and safety guidelines.
Forest harvesting and environmental guidelines department of. Out of necessity, forest landowners and resource managers increasingly turn to herbicides for vegetation management. The objective of the forest harvesting programme component is to promote environmentally sound, economically feasible and socially acceptable forest operations to significantly contribute towards sustainable forestry development by the year 2010. Forest sector enterprises may be encouraged or required by regulatory bodies or financial institutions, to obtain such certification as a condition of operation, and such certification is also increasingly being viewed as necessary for access to international or national markets. In this type of silvicultural system, harvesting is the method of removing products from a forest to make room for a new generation of trees. Four environmentally sound timber extraction techniques for small tree harvesting, particularly for. The depletion of the nations forest reserves through improper wood harvesting methodss is alarming and threatening. Once seedlings are established the seed trees can be removed although they are often left for wildlife or aesthetic objectives, or because of the relatively high cost of harvesting a small number of trees. Rare tree species and those with high value for timber or nontimber forest products are in danger of becoming locally extinct secretariat of the convention on biological diversity 4, saint jacques street, suite 800.
Testing the applicability of the fao model code in the amazon in brazil labourintensive harvesting of tree plantations in the southern philippines, 1997 reduced impact timber harvesting in the tropical natural forest in indonesia, 1998. For example, tdf uses sound silvicultural methods as a tool for regenerating the forest, securing a sustainable flow of timber products, conserving and perpetuating rare forest types and creating suitable wildlife habitat. Renatesusanna spaeth germany presented environmentally sound forest road construction in nordrheinwestfalen, federal republic of germany. The gels identifies and assesses the environmental, economic, and social impacts of potential increases in timber harvesting and forest management activities in minnesota.
Environmentally sound harvesting technologies in commercial forests in the area of northern velebit functional terrain classification article pdf available in periodicum biologorum 1102. Through a case study, the harvesting impact of a conventional harvesting method cm was evaluated and compared with an alternative and improved harvesting method am, performed by a well. Selected environmental impacts of forest harvesting. In managing southern pines for timber, we are usually working with evenaged stands. This case study is one of a series of publications produced by the forest harvesting, trade and marketing branch of fao in an effort to promote environmentally sound forest harvesting and engineering practices. Growing pressure on forests for recreational activities result in increased involvement of the general public and demands for a forestry road network able to handle. The trend has been giving all stakeholders serious concern and it has become imperative for a research to be undertaken to find an alternative and better logging method that is environmentally sound and acceptable. Managing state forests under sound ecosystem management, to retain their wild character and maintain biological diversity while providing pure water, opportunities for lowdensity recreation, habitats for forest plants and animals, sustained yields of quality timber, and environmentally sound utilization of mineral resources. Environmentally sound forest operations 32nd annual meeting of the council of forest engineering, june 1518, 2009. Environmentally sound harvesting to sustain tropical forests. These new guidelines are designed to be included in the mfrcs 2005 forest management guidebook titled sustaining minnesota forest resources. The fao forest products division wishes to express its appreciation to. Selected environmental impacts of forest harvesting operations with varying degree of mechanization.
Environmentally sound harvesting technologies in commercial forests in the area of northern velebit functional terrain classification article pdf available in. Guidelines for forest engineering practices in south. Manual and the design manual on basic wood harvesting technology. To be eligible for bank financing, industrialscale commercial harvesting operations must also a be certified under an independent forest certification system acceptable to the bank11 as meeting standards of responsible forest management and use.
Grasses can reduce regeneration potential by casting heavy shade and providing cover for seedeating small mammals. Forest technology030511 sowela technical community college. The fao programme on environmentally sound forest harvesting. This article discusses how you can use harvesting as a management tool to improve your woodlands while also safeguarding against poor harvesting practices. Transfer of environmentally sound technologies for the. The landscape approach focuses on the forest ecosystem as an integral part of an interconnected whole, where maintaining forest he alth, diversity, and. A newsletter from the international tropical timber. The basic tenants of certification programs include. This code of practice for forest harvesting in asiapacific, which was endorsed by the apfc membership at its seventeenth session in yogyakarta, indonesia, in february 1998, is a product of joint efforts of the apfc members and fao. Well, regularly forest research institute organizes this fri m. Despite logging is still being carried out annually, malaysia can still boast to be able to maintain and protect the environment through vast areas of forested land as.
Environmentally sound forest harvesting 2 other objectives might focus on creating openings in forest stands for recreational purposes, enhancing wildlife habitat, or influencing water yields. They include the forest harvesting guidelines, forest engineering plan and the forest road specifications. These techniques included animal skidding and animalmachine, single circulating cable yarding system, small farming tractor, and mini forwarder. Aspirants we hope you are eagerly waiting for the fri m. Transfer of environmentally sound technologies for. Demonstrate the various methods of establishing and maintaining forest resources. And in the same manner this year also they are organizing the exam. Forest certification provides consumers with assurance that the redwood products they purchase have been harvested in an environmentally sound manner. Rainwater harvesting comprises many techniques that are used to supply rainwater collected from surfaces roofs. State forests provide unique opportunities for dispersed, lowdensity outdoor recreation that can be obtained only through large blocks of forest. Environmentally sound timber harvesting springerlink. To exploit greek forests, environmentally sound management procedures should be applied by forest managers.
Forest harvesting operations should be based on environmentally friendly principles, humanized labour and minimum costs of a carefully selected and optimum work method. For example, tdf uses sound silvicultural methods as a tool for regenerating the forest. Forestry labeled herbicides are effective and environmentally sound. Codes for the harvest of selected nontimber species. Environmentally sound timber extracting techniques for small. Promoting ecological sustainability in woody biomass. Understand harvesting, reforestation, and controlled burning as critical factors for maintaining healthy forest land. This in turn led to global concerns regarding tropical forest degradation and tropical forest harvesting practices in particular because of perceived negative impacts on the forest.
Because timber extracting operation produces the highest proportion of operation costs, largest area. Promoting ecological sustainability in woody biomass harvesting maria k. Logging is essential for removing individual trees or small groups of trees to meet these objectives. Rain water harvesting usually involves larger cisterns or multiple barrel systems that can store enough water to help water landscapes during our long dry summers.
Who pays for and who benefits from improved timber harvesting. Marketing timber involves selling forest products in a competitive market to get the best return on your investment or to meet other objectives. This includes activities associated with timber harvesting for both industrial purposes and energy generation from. In summary, the results of the study show that environmentally sound timber harvesting is not necessarily more expensive than timber harvesting done in the traditional way. State forests pennsylvania department of conservation. Introduction 1 harvesting 3 roading 10 machine servicing 14. The adoption of sound planning procedures, operating techniques. On most minnesota forest soils, nutrient removal through harvest is not a concern. Mickel2, kim chapman2, monica haynes3, elizabeth r.
The residual stocking should have at least 32 sound. Seminar on environmentally sound forest roads and wood transport sinaia romania, 1722 june 1996 report. This research is intended to contribute to enhancing the development of environmentally sound forest management alternatives in the atlantic forest biome. They set out sound and practical measures based on the principles of sustainable forest management sfm, and are firmly rooted in the best available scientific. Harvesting methods timber management forest management. Sustainable forest management practices and environmental.
Traditional, smallscale forest industries are seen as being closer to the people and potentially more responsive to local consumption needs. Pdf environmentally sound harvesting technologies in. Biomass harvesting guidelines for forestlands, brushlands. What do we observe when we equip a forestry crane with motion sensors. Seminar on environmentally sound forest roads and wood. Inclusion of stump material within the shorter distances could make this unusual source of biomass more economical to. Seminar on environmentally sound forest roads and wood transport. Economic and ecological effects of forest practices and harvesting constraints on wisconsins forest resources and economy authors. While interest in is high, many questions still need to be answered.
Sustainable forest harvesting operations using digital methods. Our strategy is to implement an environmentally sound. Th ese contradictory ideas must be reconciled on the path to sustainability. Webster enthusiasm for the use of forest biomass as an energy resource is growing as a result of increased. Assessing cable tensile forces and machine tilt of winchassisted forwarders on steep terrain under real working conditions. If wood products derived from our forests are the most environmentally sound products available, we should use more of them to ensure our present and future sustainability. Any logging, even environmentally sound logging, may cause changes in the forest, and it is desirable to set aside some areas for conservation, recreation and scientific study. Track and analyze and forest measurements to make environmentally sound decisions regarding forest land. Guidelines for forest engineering practices in south africa 2014. As irelands forest estate continues to expand and mature, the amount of timber harvesting will increase. Environmentallyfriendly forestry systems in central america. The objective of this study was to thoroughly document and establish data on environmentally sound forest harvesting associated with careful planning of each phase of the harvesting operations in tropical natural forests of the amazon in brazil as an alternative to the traditional logging systems generally used in the amazonregion in brazil.
Forest harvesting and forest road construction and usage have the potential to impact adversely upon the environment. Fao forest harvesting programme component the objective of the forest harvesting programme component is to promote environmentally sound, economically feasible and socially acceptable forest operations to significantly contribute towards sustainable forestry development by the year 2010. Four environmentally sound timber extraction techniques for small tree harvesting, particularly for thinning operations, were presented and introduced in this paper. Environmentally sound wood harvesting in omo forest. Harvesting systems minnesotas forest resources at a crossroads is a series of 15 briefs that summarizes the draft version of a generic environmental impact statement gels. The guidelines are presented in the context of timber harvesting and forest road construction and maintenance. This process requires some planning and presale preparation before you advertise or talk to prospective buyers. The ehs guidelines for forest harvesting operations include information relevant to the management of both plan tation and natural forests, in temperate, boreal and tropical zones. Wisconsin forest practices and harvesting constraints assessment february 2016 1 executive summary wisconsins 16 million acres of forestland are crucial to the wellbeing and wealth of all wisconsin citizens. Although manual wood extraction systems were common in tropical forests in the past. The purpose of these studies is to highlight both the promise of.
Beside, the forest management and harvesting plans, various regulations and guidelines with special emphasis on environmental conservation measures for forest harvesting had also been adopted. Environmentally sound harvesting technologies in commercial forests in the area of northern velebit functional terrain classification abstract. Environmentally sound timber extracting techniques for. Redwood forests certified for sustainable harvests four of every five acres of commercial redwood forest are now independently certified as well managed and harvested on a sustainable basis. Tiller2, and amanda mahaffey1 1 forest stewards guild, madison, wi 2 applied ecological service, brodhead, wi. Timber harvesting guidelines formulated for north queensland rainforests allowed economically viable harvests with minimal ecological impact. It is intended to identify and encourage environmentally sound forest harvesting practices throughout the region. By practicing sound forest management, you can reap great benefits from your forests.
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